A root canal is a dental procedure that is used to save a severely damaged or infected tooth. The procedure involves removing the damaged or infected pulp inside the tooth, cleaning and disinfecting the root canal, and sealing it with a filling or crown.

Root canals are necessary when the pulp inside a tooth becomes infected or damaged due to deep decay, a cracked or chipped tooth, or repeated dental procedures on the same tooth. If left untreated, this can lead to an abscess, which is a painful infection that can spread to other areas of the body.

The root canal procedure starts with the dentist administering local anesthesia to numb the area around the affected tooth. Next, the dentist creates a small hole in the top of the tooth to access the pulp chamber and root canals. Using specialized tools, the dentist removes the damaged or infected pulp and shapes the inside of the tooth to prepare it for filling.

After the pulp is removed, the dentist will clean and disinfect the root canals to remove any bacteria or debris. In some cases, the dentist may also apply medication to help eliminate any remaining bacteria.

Once the root canals are cleaned and disinfected, the dentist will fill them with a biocompatible material and seal the tooth with a temporary filling. In most cases, the patient will need to return for a second visit to have a permanent filling or crown placed on the tooth.

After the procedure, patients may experience some sensitivity or discomfort, which can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers. It is important to follow any post-operative instructions provided by the dentist, such as avoiding hard or crunchy foods, practicing good oral hygiene, and attending any follow-up appointments.

Overall, root canals are a highly effective way to save a damaged or infected tooth and prevent the need for extraction. With proper care and maintenance, a tooth that has undergone a root canal can last a lifetime.