Periodontics is a dental specialty that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal disease, also known as gum disease. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection that affects the gums and the bone that supports the teeth. If left untreated, it can cause the gums to recede, the teeth to become loose, and can even lead to tooth loss.

Dental patients need to concern themselves with periodontal disease because it is one of the most common dental problems, affecting millions of people worldwide. In fact, it is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. The early stages of periodontal disease, called gingivitis, can often be reversed with proper dental care, such as regular dental cleanings and improved oral hygiene practices. However, if left untreated, it can progress to more advanced stages of periodontal disease, which can require more intensive treatments such as scaling and root planing, periodontal surgery, or even tooth extraction.

Furthermore, research has shown that there is a link between periodontal disease and other systemic health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene and seeking regular dental care to prevent and treat periodontal disease can not only help preserve your dental health but also your overall health. Dental patients should take periodontal disease seriously and consult with their dentist or periodontist if they have concerns about their gum health.

Here are some of the health conditions that have been associated with periodontal disease:

Cardiovascular disease

Several studies have suggested that there may be a link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. The theory is that the bacteria that cause periodontal disease can enter the bloodstream and contribute to the development of heart disease. Additionally, chronic inflammation in the gums may lead to inflammation in other parts of the body, including the heart.

Diabetes

People with diabetes are more likely to develop periodontal disease, and having periodontal disease may make it more difficult to control blood sugar levels. The link between the two conditions is thought to be related to the chronic inflammation that occurs with periodontal disease.

Respiratory disease

There is some evidence to suggest that periodontal disease may be linked to respiratory infections and diseases, such as pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The bacteria that cause periodontal disease can be aspirated into the lungs and cause infection or inflammation.

Pregnancy complications

Pregnant women with periodontal disease may be at increased risk for complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight. The theory is that the chronic inflammation in the gums may trigger a systemic inflammatory response that can affect the developing fetus.

Dementia

Some studies have suggested that there may be a link between periodontal disease and cognitive decline, including dementia. The theory is that the chronic inflammation associated with periodontal disease may contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia.

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